潜水员水下用电安全技术规范的编制与认识     

张国光  陆莲芳 《海洋技术学报》1997,16(3):57-64

本文介绍了国家标准《潜水员水下用电安全技术规范》的研究、编制过程，以及编者对该标准性质、适用范围、总体结构、电气安全数值取舍等的基本认识，并就该标准制定实施后的经济、社会效益进行了初步预测。  相似文献   

厄尔尼诺现象和浙江近海鲐鲹鱼渔获量变化关系──长江口ENSO渔场学问题之二   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

洪华生  何发祥  杨圣云 《海洋湖沼通报》1997,(4)

本文研究浙江近海1970年到1992年鲐鱼渔获量变化与Elnino现象的关系，结合捕捞强度，长江中下游汛期（4—9月）降水量距平年际变化综合分析，探讨浙江近海鲐鱼渔获量变动规律，为合理开发渔业资源提供科学依据。  相似文献   

Net Energy Payback and CO2 Emissions from Three Midwestern Wind Farms: An Update     

Scott W. White 《Natural Resources Research》2006,15(4):271-281

This paper updates a life-cycle net energy analysis and carbon dioxide emissions analysis of three Midwestern utility-scale wind systems. Both the Energy Payback Ratio (EPR) and CO₂ analysis results provide useful data for policy discussions regarding an efficient and low-carbon energy mix. The EPR is the amount of electrical energy produced for the lifetime of the power plant divided by the total amount of energy required to procure and transport the materials, build, operate, and decommission the power plants. The CO₂ analysis for each power plant was calculated from the life-cycle energy input data. A previous study also analyzed coal and nuclear fission power plants. At the time of that study, two of the three wind systems had less than a full year of generation data to project the life-cycle energy production. This study updates the analysis of three wind systems with an additional four to eight years of operating data. The EPR for the utility-scale wind systems ranges from a low of 11 for a two-turbine system in Wisconsin to 28 for a 143-turbine system in southwestern Minnesota. The EPR is 11 for coal, 25 for fission with gas centrifuge enriched uranium and 7 for gaseous diffusion enriched uranium. The normalized CO₂ emissions, in tonnes of CO₂ per GW_eh, ranges from 14 to 33 for the wind systems, 974 for coal, and 10 and 34 for nuclear fission using gas centrifuge and gaseous diffusion enriched uranium, respectively.  相似文献   

Supervised classification of electric power transmission line nominal voltage from high-resolution aerial imagery     

Erik H. Schmidt  Budhendra L. Bhaduri  Nicholas Nagle  Bruce A. Ralston 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(6):860-879

For many researchers, government agencies, and emergency responders, access to the geospatial data of US electric power infrastructure is invaluable for analysis, planning, and disaster recovery. Historically, however, access to high quality geospatial energy data has been limited to few agencies because of commercial licenses restrictions, and those resources which are widely accessible have been of poor quality, particularly with respect to reliability. Recent efforts to develop a highly reliable and publicly accessible alternative to the existing datasets were met with numerous challenges – not the least of which was filling the gaps in power transmission line voltage ratings. To address the line voltage rating problem, we developed and tested a basic methodology that fuses knowledge and techniques from power systems, geography, and machine learning domains. Specifically, we identified predictors of nominal voltage that could be extracted from aerial imagery and developed a tree-based classifier to classify nominal line voltage ratings. Overall, we found that line support height, support span, and conductor spacing are the best predictors of voltage ratings, and that the classifier built with these predictors had a reliable predictive accuracy (that is, within one voltage class for four out of the five classes sampled). We applied our approach to a study area in Minnesota.  相似文献   

河南产宝石级高温高压合成钻石的谱学特征及电磁性研究     

杨池玉  陆太进  张健  宋中华  陈华  柯捷  何明跃 《岩矿测试》2021,(2):217-226

为快速鉴定高温高压(HPHT)合成钻石,前人已开展了系统的发光特征和谱学特征研究,但对比性分析较少,且对电学性质和磁学性质关注不多。本文结合常规宝石学观察、高精度谱学测试以及导电性和磁性测试,对49粒无色、黄色样品进行了深入研究和对比分析。结果表明:①铁、钴、镍等金属元素的触媒残余是HPHT合成钻石的磁性来源,测试样品均能被磁强达到12000Gs的磁棒吸引。②无色HPHT合成钻石为Ⅱa+Ⅱb型钻石,硼元素的存在导致其具有良好的导电能力,且随着硼含量的增多,导电能力逐渐增强;黄色样品为Ⅰb+ⅠaA型钻石,约三分之一的孤氮转化为A集合体,揭示合成钻石在生长完成后经过了高温退火处理。③硼元素的普遍存在,以及氮元素主要以孤氮原子和A集合体的方式存在,导致了HPHT合成钻石的特征红外光谱;HPHT合成钻石中常含有氮、镍、硅等杂质元素引起的晶格缺陷,导致了特征的光致发光光谱。④无色HPHT合成钻石具有强蓝绿色荧光和磷光,黄色HPHT合成钻石具有绿色荧光,可见明显的立方体-八面体分区现象。本研究表明:谱学特征和发光特征仍然是筛查鉴定HPHT合成钻石的重要依据。现生长技术下合成的HPHT合成钻石在导电性和磁性两方面也与天然钻石存在明显差异,可以作为快速鉴定合成钻石的辅助性依据。  相似文献   

区域自动气象站蓄电池异常状态判别方法     

姜明  史静  崔明  党岳  李文博 《气象科技》2019,47(3):413-419

针对天津市一种常见的CAWS600型区域自动气象站对其供电及功耗进行了详细分析,利用对电池放电特性曲线的归一化处理,得到了针对12V38AH铅酸蓄电池的剩余容量估算方法,同时利用该站蓄电池工作电压的统计规律,提出了针对蓄电池工作电压的极值判定、时间/空间一致性质量控制方法,并对2017年逐10min观测数据进行检验。检验结果显示,文章提出的质量控制方法可以有效识别出蓄电池异常站点,针对2017年个站蓄电池持续放电情况可提前10d定位。  相似文献   

A Review of Atmospheric Electricity Research in China from 2011 to 2018     

Xiushu QIE  Yijun ZHANG 《大气科学进展》2019,36(9):994-1014

Atmospheric electricity research has been conducted actively in China, having profited from the development and application of high temporal and spatial resolution lightning detection and location technologies. This paper reviews the scientific advances made in the field of atmospheric electricity in China from 2011 to 2018, covering the following five aspects:(1)lightning detection and location techniques;(2) discharge processes and parameters associated with rocket-triggered lightning;(3) physical processes in natural lightning and attachment to the ground;(4) lightning activities and charge structure in different thunderstorms; and(5) effects of thunderstorms on the upper atmosphere. In addition, some outstanding questions for future research are outlined.  相似文献   

基于A- CGAN的深反射地震数据随机噪声压制方法研究     

韩建光  王卿  许媛  刘志伟 《地质论评》2024,70(1):228-238

基于深度学习的地震数据噪声压制方法是当前地震数据去噪处理的重要方向。深度学习方法突破了传统滤波处理的局限,在对常规地震数据的噪声压制中表现出效率高、信噪分离效果好的特点。但针对深部弱有效反射数据,当前的深度学习方法特征提取能力有限,难以取得较好的去噪效果。笔者等结合深反射地震数据特点,针对当前深度学习噪声压制方法在特征提取及对数据集依赖上的局限,提出了基于注意力循环生成对抗网络(Attention Cycle- Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks,A- CGAN)的深反射地震数据随机噪声压制方法。借助循环一致生成对抗网络(Cycle- Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks,Cycle- GAN)的域映射思想,降低对数据集的要求。为了构建适用于深反射地震数据的去噪网络,从3个方面对Cycle- GAN进行改进：在Cycle- GAN的生成器（去噪器）中加入残差结构和注意力机制,用于加深网络深度和提高其特征提取能力;在Cycle- GAN的鉴别器中使用块判决,提高鉴别精度和准确度;在损失函数部分加入感知一致性损失函数,提升网络模型恢复纹理细节信息的能力。通过合成地震数据和实际深反射地震数据测试,验证了优化算法的有效性,体现了良好的应用价值。  相似文献   

On the propagation of streamers through a large population of neutral droplets     

E. O. Oladiran 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1982,120(4):673-681

Streamers were injected into a large population of small droplets, of radii about 20 m, confined to a given region of pre-determined shape on a photographic film, and situated in a gap between which a variable electric field can be applied. Results showed that the droplet region behaves like a dipole discharging from both ends if its inclination to the electric field is less than 45° and the field is not less than –230 kV/m at atmospheric pressure.We deduced that streamer intensification will occur at relatively low fields if there exists pockets of large number density of small droplets.  相似文献   

A simultaneous interpretation,by wind speed and direction,of ambient air negative ion density in Athens,Greece     

John D. Zambakas 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1982,120(4):691-697

A recently developed data presentation technique, the rectangular wind frequency isopleth diagram, has been applied to examine the effect of wind speed and direction, acting simultaneously, on ambient air negative ion densities. The large negative ion concentration decreases in the majority of directions and wind speed intervals, while that of the small ions increases, as the wind speed increases. The local maxima and minima, occurring in some sectors, are properly discussed.  相似文献